Central Asian Law

Babadjanov, Bakhtiyar M. “From Colonization to Bolshevization: Some Political and Legislative Aspects of Molding a ‘Soviet Islam’ in Central Asia.” In Central Asian Law: An Historical Overview: A Festschrift for the Ninetieth Birthday of Herbert Franke, edited by Wallace Johnson and Irina F. Popova, 153-71. Lawrence, KS: Society for Asian Legal History, the Hall Center for the Humanities, the University of Kansas, 2004.

Sections: Local Khanates and Russian Colonization, The New Authorities and the Muslims, The Reaction of the Authorities, Fatwas under the Slogan “Introduce Decisions of the Communist Party into Life”, Conclusion

Clouatre, Douglas. “Tajikistan.” In Legal Systems of the World: A Political, Social, and Cultural Encyclopedia, edited by Herbert M. Kritzer, 1592-97. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.

Sections: Country Information, History, Independence and Civil War, Tajikistan Government and Judiciary, Supreme and Constitutional Courts, Legal Structure of Tajikistan Courts, Economic Courts, Personal and Individual Rights, Privatization Law, Criminal Code, Legal Training, Impact of the Law

Clouatre, Douglas. “Turkmenistan.” In Legal Systems of the World: A Political, Social, and Cultural Encyclopedia, edited by Herbert M. Kritzer, 1663-69. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.

Sections: Country Information, History, Turkmenistan Government and Judiciary, Legal Structure of Turkmenistan Courts, Privatization Law, Individual Rights in Turkmenistan, Legal Training, Impact of the Law

Epkenhans, Tim. “Muslims without Learning Clergy without Faith: Institutions of Islamic Learning in the Republic of Tajikistan.” In Islamic Education in the Soviet Union and Its Successor States, edited by Michael Kemper, Raoul Motika and Stefan Reichmuth, 313-48. New York: Routledge, 2010.

Sections: Introduction, State of research and literature, Islam in pre-Soviet Tajikistan, Islam in Soviet Tajikistan, “Official” Islam, “Parallel” Islam, Independence and Civil War, The early Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan, Islam and the state in Tajikistan since 1997, Legal and policy framework, The Law on Religion and its implementation, Official Islamic institutions in Tajikistan, The Islamic centre and the High Council of’Ulama’ of Tajikistan, Mosques, Madrasas, Education, The Islamic University in Dushanbe, Islamic manuals and textbooks, Islamic law and traditional customs, Sufism, Ziyarat and hajj, The Islamic Revival Party after the Peace Accord of 1997, Charter and agenda of the IRPT, The IRPT after Nuri, Hizb al-Tahrir al-Islami in Tajikistan, Challenges in the future

Huskey, Eugene, and Gulnara Iskakova. “Kyrgyzstan.” In Legal Systems of the World: A Political, Social, and Cultural Encyclopedia, edited by Herbert M. Kritzer, 837-42. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.

Sections: General Information, History and Legal Concepts, Current Structure, Legal Structure of Kyrgyzstan Courts, Specialized Judicial Bodies, Staffing, Impact

Kangas, Roger D. “Legal Reform in Central Asia: Battling the Influence of History.” In In the Tracks of Tamerlane: Central Asia’s Path to the 21st Century, edited by Daniel L. Burghart and Theresa Sabonis-Helf, 65-91. Washington, DC: Center For Technology and National Security Policy, National Defense University, 2004.

Sections: Legal Antecedents (The Pre-Russian Legacy; Russian and Soviet-era Law); Respective Frameworks of Legal Regimes
in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, The Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan); Basic Dilemmas and Reform Efforts (Challenges; Efforts at Reform); Conclusion

Katrougalos, George. “Uzbekistan.” In Legal Systems of the World: A Political, Social, and Cultural Encyclopedia, edited by Herbert M. Kritzer, 1724-28. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.

Sections: Country Information, History, Legal Concepts, Executive and Legislative Branches, The Judiciary

“Central Asia.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Law, edited by Jonathan Brown. New York: Oxford University Press, forthcoming 2012.

Sections: Introduction to Region, Kazakhstan, The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Bibliography

Morozova, Irina. “Public Discussion on the ‘State of Law’ and Contemporary Political Regimes in Central Asia and the Southern Caucasus.” In Central Asian Law: An Historical Overview: A Festschrift for the Ninetieth Birthday of Herbert Franke, edited by Wallace Johnson and Irina F. Popova, 237-59. Lawrence, KS: Society for Asian Legal History, the Hall Center for the Humanities, the University of Kansas, 2004.

Sections: Introduction; The Different Systems of Law in Present Day Central Asia and the Southern Caucasus; Public Discussions on the State of Law in the Post-Soviet and the Post-Socialist States; Order, the State of Law and the Shadow of the Legal Economy in Contemporary Azerbaijan; The President, the Opposition and Discourse on Human Rights in Uzbekistan; The One-Party Parliament and the Reform of the Legislature in Post-Socialist Mongolia; Conclusion

Muminov, Ashirbek. “Muslim Law in Central Asia.” In Central Asian Law: An Historical Overview: A Festschrift for the Ninetieth Birthday of Herbert Franke, edited by Wallace Johnson and Irina F. Popova, 55-63. Lawrence, KS: Society for Asian Legal History, the Hall Center for the Humanities, the University of Kansas, 2004.

Sections: Text and Translations of Early Fatwas

Muminov, Ashirbek. “Fundamentalist Challenges to Local Islamic Traditions in Soviet and Post-Soviet Central Asia.” In Empire, Islam, and Politics in Central Eurasia, edited by Uyama Tomohiko, 249-62. Sapporo: Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University, 2007.

Sections: The Historical Role of Ulama, Islam under the Soviet Regime, Shami-Damulla,
Ahl al-Hadith, Dissension among Central Asian Theologians

Muminov, Ashirbek, Uygun Gafurov, and Rinat Shigabdinov. “Islamic Education in Soviet and Post-Soviet Uzbekistan.” In Islamic Education in the Soviet Union and Its Successor States, edited by Michael Kemper, Raoul Motika and Stefan Reichmuth. New York: Routledge, 2010.

Sections: Introduction, The traditional Islamic educational system of Uzbekistan: reform plans and failures (1917-1928), The destruction of Islamic education (1927-1928), Islamic scholars in the period of repression, 1928-1943

Newton, Scott. “Transplantation and Transition: Legality and Legitimacy in the Kazakhstani Legislative Process.” In Law and Informal Practices: The Post-Communist Experience, edited by D. J. Galligan and Marina Kurkchiyan, 151-70. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Sections: Introduction, Legal Reform in Kazakhstan and the Drafting Process, Concluding Observations

Podaprigora, Roman. “Kazakhstan.” In Encyclopedia of World Constitutions, edited by Gerhard Robbers, 471-77. New York: Facts On File, 2007.

Sections: Constitutional History, Form and Impact of the Constitution, Basic Organizational Structure, Leading Constitutional Principles, Constitutional Bodies, The Election Process, Political Parties, Citizenship, Fundamental Rights, Economy, Religious Communities, Military Defense and State of Emergency, Amendments to the Constitution

Sinha, Sangeeta. “Kazakhstan.” In Legal Systems of the World: A Political, Social, and Cultural Encyclopedia, edited by Herbert M. Kritzer, 812-18. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.

Sections: General Information, History, Origins of the Kazakh Legal System, Legal Concepts, Current Structure, Structure of Kazakh Courts, Staffing, Current Trends